Could Hunger Kill More People Than Coronavirus : Sanjay Patil

Sanjay Patil : BBC : Last week, hours after Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi extended a nationwide lockdown to contain the spread of the coronavirus, thousands of migrant workers gathered near a railway station in Mumbai city.

There had been rumours of train services restarting, and the workers had gathered defying rules of social distancing, putting themselves and others at risk. They demanded that authorities arrange transport to send them back to their hometowns and villages so they could be with their families. The police, instead, used sticks to disperse them. Around the same time, in the western state of Gujarat, hundreds of textile workers protested in Surat city, demanding passage home.

And a day later, there was outrage in the capital, Delhi, when several hundred migrants were discovered living under a bridge along the Yamuna river. The river here resembles a sewer and the bank is strewn with rubbish.The men were unwashed and said they had not eaten in three days, since the government shelter they lived in was burned down. They have now been moved to new shelters. The incidents have shone a spotlight the plight of millions of poor Indians who migrate from villages to cities in search of livelihood - and how the lockdown has left them stranded far away from home, with no jobs or money.

The problem of migrant workers may not be entirely unique to India, but the sheer scale - there are more than 40 million migrant labourers across the country - makes it difficult to provide relief to everyone.Most move from villages to work in the cities as domestic helpers, drivers and gardeners, or as daily-wagers on construction sites, building malls, flyovers and homes, or as street vendors. One critic said the mismanagement of the migrant crisis and the treatment of its poorest citizens during the pandemic could be India's shame.

Whether living in shelters, sleeping on footpaths or under flyovers, the migrants are restless and are waiting for restrictions to be eased so they can go home. A few days back, I visited one shelter in east Delhi, located in a school building, run by the city government. It's home to 380 migrants and I spoke to dozens of men and women there and the one question they all want answered is: "When can I go home?" Among them is Manoj Ahirwal, who's been at the shelter with his relatives since 29 March.

"The police told us they'll help us reach home, but they brought us here instead. They tricked us," he says, dejectedly. The 25-year-old had arrived in Delhi from Simariya, his village 650km (400 miles) away, last month. The winter crop was coming up well, but there was still a month to go before harvesting.

So, he came to Delhi and joined his mother Kalibai Ahirwal and 21 other relatives on a construction site. He had worked for just three days when India first announced the initial 21-day lockdown on 25 March. With their livelihood grinding to a halt and meagre savings running out fast, they decided to return to their village.But with train and bus services halted and state borders sealed, that wasn't really an option.

On 28 March, they heard the government was arranging buses to transport those stranded on the state border and set off for the Anand Vihar bus station. But by then, the buses had left and there were thousands like them still stranded. In desperation, they decided to walk home."We bought 10kg (22lbs) wheat flour, some potatoes and tomatoes. We thought we'd stop by the roadside every night and cook," Kalibai Ahirwal told me when I met her at the shelter. At this three-storey school, iron cots or mattresses have replaced desks and benches in classrooms and the authorities are providing three cooked meals every day. There's milk for children and occasional fruit for pregnant women.

The Ahirwals say they are grateful for the facilities, but are desperate to leave. The wheat crop in their village is ready to be harvested and Manoj Ahirwal says his father and elder brother, who are back home, can't manage on their own."This is the time we grow food for the whole year. The government will feed us for two-three months, but what will happen after that?" asks Kalibai Ahirwal.

Mr Modi announced the lockdown with barely four hours' notice. The decision unleashed chaos that India is still struggling to deal with.Within hours of his announcement, millions of migrants began fleeing the cities, the key highways filled with men, women and children, carrying their belongings, trying to walk home, sometimes hundreds of miles away. Several people died in the process.The authorities say the lockdown is key to saving lives, but the lack of planning has hit the country's poorest and most vulnerable citizens hard. In the absence of work, many migrant workers are now dependent on food handouts from governments or charities for survival- some reduced to begging. And as I write this story, reports are coming in about a 12-year-old girl who died after walking 150km from the southern state of Telangana to Chhattisgarh state in central India. She had walked for three days when she died, 14km from home.

"This lockdown is totally inhuman," lawyer-activist Prashant Bhushan, who has filed a petition in the Supreme Court asking for migrants to be allowed to return home, told the BBC. "Those who test negative for Covid-19 must not be forcibly kept in shelters or away from their homes and families against their wishes. The government should allow for their safe travel to their hometowns and villages and provide necessary transportation for the same," the petition says. If it goes through, it would help the Ahirwals and all the others being held at the Delhi government shelter.

"Since 29 March when the shelter was set up, all the 380 people have been checked every morning by health staff for fever and there hasn't been even one positive case," health official Neelam Chaudhary told me.

करोनाने वाचू, पण भुकेने मरू

संजय पाटील : नागपूर : लॉकडाउनपूर्वी आयुक्त तुकाराम मुंढे यांनी शहरातील बंद कामे सुरू करण्यास सांगितले होते. त्यानुसार मनपातील अभियंत्यांनी काही कंत्राटदारांना कामे सुरू करण्यास सांगितले. त्याससाठी मुदतही दिली. अनेक कंत्राटदारांनी उसणे पैसे घेत कामे सुरू केली. आता कोट्यावधींची बिले थकल्याने कंत्राटदारांपुढे पेच निर्माण झाला आहे. उधारी चुकती करण्यासाठी पैसे नसल्याने इतरांकडे हात पसरण्याची वेळ त्यांच्यावर आली आहे. परिणामी एका कंत्राटदाराने 'करोनाने वाचू, पण उधारी व भुकेने मरू' असा संताप व्यक्त करणारे पत्र मनपा आयुक्तांना लिहिले आहे.

मनपाने १५७ कोटींच्या कामाचे कार्यादेश काढले होते. त्यानुसार ही कामे सुरू आहेत. मध्यंतरी आयुक्तांनी काही कामे थांबविली. त्यानंतर काही कामे सुरू झालीत. यात रस्त्यांच्या कामांचा समावेश होता. कंत्राटदार नागसेन हिरेखन यांनीही द्वारकापुरी येथे सिमेंट रस्त्याचे काम केले. त्यांनी ८० टक्के काम केले. ६० टक्के कामाचे बिल टाकले. लॉकडाउनपूर्वीच त्यांनी हे बिल मंजुरीसाठी टाकले होते. काम कालावधीपूर्वी करावे असे म्हटल्यानंतर त्यांनी या कामासाठी उधारीही घेतली. हिरेखन यांच्याप्रमाणे काही कंत्राटदारांनी घरातील दागिनेही गहाण ठेवत ४० लाखांपर्यंतची कामे केली. मात्र मनपाच्या लेखा अधिकाऱ्यांकडे असलेल्या ८ ते १० कोटींच्या बिलांवर निर्णय झालेला नाही. कंत्राटदारांनी मनपा कार्यालयात चकरा मारल्यानंतरही प्रतिसाद मिळत नाही. ज्या शिर्षकात कामे केली, त्यात आता निधी नाही, असे सांगितले जात आहे. कामे करवून घेणारे कनिष्ठ अभियंता, उपअभियंता व कार्यकारी अभियंता यांच्यावर आयुक्तांनी कारवाई करणे अपेक्षित आहे. मात्र तसे होत नसल्याने कंत्राटदाराने आयुक्तांकडे थेट पत्र लिहिले आहे. अप्पर आयुक्त राम जोशी यांच्याकडे कंत्राटदार नागसेन हिरेखन यांनी हे पत्र दिले आहे.